I enjoy reading authors who make me think or increase my knowledge in some way. For instance, I particularly enjoy the work of writers such as Deepak Chopra, Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell, and Fyodor Dostoevsky.
Known for novels such as Crime and Punishment, many consider Dostoevsky the father of existentialism for his writings exploring human psychology. Many feel that readers can best understand his writing by placing it in the context of the times in which he lived, the very politically and socially tumultuous 19th-century Russia.
Moscow-born Dostoevsky grew up in an apartment on the grounds of the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor, which was located in one of the most socially and financially depressed sections of Moscow. Scholars note the influence of these early years on Dostoevsky’s writing, which manifested as an expansive compassion for the poor, downtrodden, and oppressed. Throughout his childhood and into his adult years, the writer suffered from epilepsy, another aspect of his personal life that shows in his writing.
At the age of 16, following his mother’s death, Dostoevsky’s father sent him to the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute. Upon graduation he received a military commission, although he remained in the army for only a few years. During his time at the institute and while he was in the army, Dostoevsky began writing; however, his work gained little recognition until 1846, when he wrote a short novel called Poor Folk, which appeared in A Petersburg Collection.
Along with writing, Dostoevsky participated in liberal political societies, including the Russian literary discussion group called the Petrashevsky Circle. Tsar Nicholas I ordered the entire group arrested and executed, although ultimately the Petrashevsky Circle members served exile in Siberia for four years, another experience that made its way into Dostoevsky’s writing. It served as the inspiration for his 1862 novel, The House of the Dead.
Throughout his writing life, Dostoevsky explored themes of the suffering of innocents, human psychology, evil, and the search for God. The intelligence and depth of his writing influenced many who came after him. Many 20th century writers credit Dostoevsky as a major influence, including Ernest Hemingway and Virginia Woolf.